Diabetes and Oral Health

Tooth and gum problems can happen to anyone when plaque builds up. High blood glucose helps germs, grow in plaque. Then you can get red, sore, and swollen gums that bleed when you brush your teeth.
If you have diabetes, make sure you take care of your mouth. People with diabetes are at risk for mouth infections, especially periodontal (gum) disease. Periodontal disease can damage the gum and bone that hold your teeth in place and may lead to painful chewing problems. Some people with serious gum disease lose their teeth. Periodontal disease may also make it hard to control your blood glucose (blood sugar). Smoking increases likelihood of developing gum disease, especially if you have diabetes and are 45 or older.
Other problems diabetes can cause are dry mouth and a fungal infection called thrush. Dry mouth happens when you do not have enough saliva—the fluid that keeps your mouth wet. Diabetes may also cause the glucose level in your saliva to increase. Together, these problems may lead to thrush, which causes painful white patches in your mouth.
Uncontrolled diabetes makes it more likely to develop problems in your mouth. The good news is by controlling your blood glucose, brushing and flossing every day, and visiting a dentist regularly, you can help prevent serious problems in your mouth.
How do I know if I have damage to my teeth and gums?
If you have one or more of these problems, you may have tooth and gum damage from diabetes:
red, sore, swollen gums-  bleeding gums-  gums pulling away from your teeth so your teeth look long- loose or sensitive teeth-  bad breath-  a bite that feels different .
How can I keep my teeth and gums healthy?
● Keep your blood glucose as close to normal as possible.
● Use dental floss at least once a day. Flossing helps prevent the buildup of plaque on your teeth. Plaque can harden and grow under your gums and cause problems.
● Brush your teeth after each meal and snack. Use a soft toothbrush. Turn the bristles against the gum line and brush gently. Use small, circular motions. Brush the front, back, and top of each tooth.
● If you wear false teeth, keep them clean.
● Call your dentist if you have red, sore, or bleeding gums; gums that are pulling away from your teeth; a sore tooth that could be infected; or soreness from your dentures.
● Get your teeth cleaned and your gums checked by your dentist every six months.
● If your dentist tells you about a problem, take care of it right away.
● Be sure your dentist knows that you have diabetes.
More information about diabetes and your oral health is available from the American Diabetes Association website.